The North American market is moving to the SAE J3400 connector, the standardized version of the plug Tesla developed. Federal minimum standards for NEVI-funded chargers were written before that shift and require Combined Charging System (CCS) connectors.
What the rules say
23 CFR 680.106 requires each DC fast charging port on a funded site to be able to charge a vehicle with a CCS connector. In March 2024, FHWA published a request for information that noted SAE’s publication of J3400 and asked for input on a possible update to the standards, including how long CCS and J1772 connectors would still be needed.
FHWA has stated that the standards allow other connectors, J3400 included, in addition to CCS. The common design for funded sites is a dispenser with both a CCS1 and a J3400 cable.
Practical guidance
- Design for both plugs. Dual-cable dispensers serve today’s mixed fleet and satisfy the CCS requirement.
- Confirm with your state DOT. States administer NEVI and may set their own expectations on top of the federal floor.
- Watch for a rule change. If FHWA amends 23 CFR 680, the eCFR text will change first. Check it before you finalize a design.
See our connector standards guide for the background on each plug.